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Security / Fraud


Visa Putting Retail IT Execs Everywhere but Where They Want to Be

March 30th, 2006

Visa recently sent a confidential memo to selected business partners advising them of a potentially major security threat involving Fujitsu POS software.
We all know this because the memo was leaked to the Wall Street Journal, which prompted tons of media—including eWEEK, of course—to cover the story. The culprit seemed to be a tracer testing utility that Fujitsu provided to some customers, which apparently at least one customer continued to use in a live environment, which is a major security no-no.

Read more...

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Firm Takes On Challenge of Check, Credit Card Purchases in the Field

March 20th, 2006

With more home deliveries and installations, retailers and restaurants are facing the point-of-sale challenge of verifying payments away from the POS while paying higher credit card fees for card-not-present purchases.

Read more...

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Todd Pacific: PDAs Help Keep Shipyard on Course

March 6th, 2006

At Todd Pacific Shipyards in Seattle, management knows that accurately tracking employees, including the hours and projects they’ve worked, and assessing daily staffing needs is often the difference between running a tight ship or sinking it.

Read more...

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U.S. Homeland Security Delays RFID Plan

February 28th, 2006

Wal-Mart isn’t the only major early RFID backer to have cooled its RFID enthusiasm lately. One of the most anticipated RFID trials was at the Department of Homeland Security, which last year made a move to use super-beefed-up RFID devices track all U.S. ports of entry.

Read more...

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Is Your Web Site Revealing Your Secrets?

February 24th, 2006

One of the more intriguing movies with a technology theme in the last few decades was a 1983 flick called “WarGames,” starring Matthew Broderick in his second movie.
Critics of the movie from the IT community at the time said that the film’s plot—about a sophisticated war game computer that confused its NORAD masters into thinking that a simulated nuclear attack was real—was unrealistic because every computer has more failsafes than the one in the story.

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The Problem with Consensus Computing

February 2nd, 2006

Breakthrough technologies invariably require some IT executive somewhere to have the guts to deploy when no one else is seriously doing so.

That’s a bold and dangerous move, given how many technologies fizzle and die after an impressive beginning.

Read more...

Consumers Resist Retail Biometrics

January 30th, 2006

As assistant director of information systems for the $700 million Piggly Wiggly grocery chain, Rachel Bolt has been one of the most vocal proponents of biometric retail authentication systems. At Piggly Wiggly, that system—like almost every other retail biometric system being tested today—is based on fingerprints.

But although Bolt saw initially strong consumer interest and support for the system, that support has lately seen a serious drop.

Read more...

How the Cookie Crumbles

December 29th, 2005

The National Security Agency, whose NSA initials are typically preceded by “super secret” or a similar cool-sounding phrase, is known as the home for code-breakers extraordinaire.

After 9/11, the NSA was given even more freedom to do whatever it takes to track terrorists and identify their plots. The New York Times recently reported about their efforts to conduct more domestic surveillance without warrants or any court authorization.

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RFID Fears Create Their Own Market

December 24th, 2005

Like a counterintelligence officer or an anti-spyware company, some entities in life have the sole raison d’tre of countering something else.

RFID (radio-frequency identification) today is an unstoppable supply chain force and even the most fervent privacy advocates concede that.

Read more...

Making Gift Cards A Little More Secure

December 22nd, 2005

The ease of use of a gift card is making them popular, with e-commerce sites expecting a tidal wave of gift card redemptions during the holidays.

The question is whether they will be met with a similarly enthusiastic number of thieves hoping to use replicas of the cards in brick-and-mortars and the numbers themselves online.

Read more...

Experian Pays $485M for PriceGrabber.com

December 14th, 2005

Betting that price comparison sites will play an increasingly prominent role in e-commerce, credit information vendor Experian was spending almost half a billion dollars to take over PriceGrabber.com.

Following on the heels of the June 2005 purchases—just days apart—where E.W. Scripps paid $525 million for Shopzilla and eBay paid $620 million for Shopping.com, Experian’s move seemed to continue a trend.

Read more...

Don’t Cheat on E-Commerce Search

December 11th, 2005

Trust and credibility—often associated with a brand—are arguably the most powerful assets of any e-commerce site. Without it, the Web is just an electronic version of the Wild West, with the shootouts won by the lowest-price site, until that site is shot down by another low-cost site.

Consumers and B2B shoppers purchase from a branded site because they have faith they will be treated fairly and honestly.

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Del Monte Cuts Help Desk Calls by 90%

December 2nd, 2005

When two major food companies—select H.J. Heinz food operations and Del Monte—merged a few years ago under the Del Monte umbrella, it forced Del Monte CIO Marc Brown to do some radical consolidation.

Almost 100 systems were eliminated and the combined company standardized on ERP, data warehouse and a very different approach to supply chain. Even telecom advanced, with a huge push for voice over IP.

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Is Black Friday Secrecy a Relic of the Past?

November 23rd, 2005

Several Web sites have popped up—like the thermometer timer on a turkey—to announce to the world Black Friday retail specials before the retailers want them to. Is this nature’s way of telling the retailers to grow up?

Old ways die hard, and there’s no industry that is more resistant to change than retail.

Read more...

Sensing a Sensor Censor

November 18th, 2005

As retailers and manufacturers start bridging the gap between passive and active RFID chips, one RFID consortium is cautioning vendors to watch their mouths when talking about sensors.

The self-appointed sensor censor is the nonprofit SAL-C (Smart Active Label Consortium), which has about 20 members from the RFID manufacturing community.

Read more...

Companies Fight to Keep E-Mail Useful

November 16th, 2005

E-mail is a wonderfully flexible and powerful application, but have corporate users bent it so far that it’s about to break? More to the point, have users forced e-mail to do so many things that it’s no longer any good at its core function?

This is not an academic discussion. In 2006, e-commerce sites that use e-mail extensively are going to have to evaluate alternative communication and distribution methods.

Read more...

The Myth of the Level Playing Field in E-Commerce

November 6th, 2005

The argument that e-commerce allows price and product quality to trump large marketing budgets has been crushed by, well, large marketing budgets.

One of the core beliefs among e-commerce cognoscenti is that the Web serves as the great equalizer, allowing 20-employee retailers to effectively compete with Fortune 100 giants with $100 million ad budgets.

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Scanner Grabs Identity Data from Driver’s License

October 27th, 2005

A high roller walks into the casino, ever so mindful of the constant surveillance cameras. Wanting to avoid sales pitches and other unwanted attention, he pays cash at each table and anonymously moves around frequently to discourage people who are trying to track his movements.

After a few hours of losses, he goes to the cashier and asks for a cash advance off of his credit card. The card tells the casino his name, but not much else. As is required by card issuers, the cashier asks for some other identification, such as a driver’s license.

Read more...

Tiff over ‘Deceptive’ Search Keywords May Spark Web Crisis

October 24th, 2005

When Office Depot sued Staples over search engine keyword purchases, it touched on more than marketing strategies.

The suit could force the discussion of the ethics of Web advertising tactics, a discussion that many in the industry would rather not have.

Read more...

The Ultimate Privacy Argument Against RFID

October 21st, 2005

Privacy arguments tend to be emotional, often expressed in terms of “security versus privacy.”

A book about the future of RFID goes far beyond that. The authors of Spychips do not hesitate to go for the emotional jugular frequently, using references and examples from the Bible, the Nazis, the Russian government and the George Orwell classic 1984.

Read more...

Can RFID Be Made Tamper Proof?

October 16th, 2005

With so many retailers and manufacturers embracing RFID tracking throughout the supply chain, there is a strong assumption that an RFID label is still connected to the product it is supposed to be connected with. One vendor—Mikoh—is trying to challenge that assumption.

Read more...

No Web Tax Yet

October 2nd, 2005

Like a Java version of the sword of Damocles, the threat of a Web tax has loomed over e-Commerce players since the Web was formed a little more than a decade ago.

But fitting for an October deadline, this sword is more of the tissue-paper and cardboard type, one that looks scary only from a distance. Upon closer examination, e-commerce shops are discovering it’s a twist on the Halloween tradition called Threat Or Treat.

Read more...

Banks Get Their Bearings Online

September 28th, 2005

Several indications—from reduced ATM interest, increased use of online bill payments and sharply improved consumer bank perceptions—show that banks are starting to understand their customers.

Given that it’s a business where almost everything comes down to moving numbers from one column to another, one might think that online banking should have been one of the first e-Commerce segments to mature. From that perspective, it’s an Internet natural.

Read more...

When Safe Devices Become Smart And Dangerous

September 24th, 2005

One key part of a CIO’s job is to protect company information. That forces a healthy amount of paranoia, as the exec must anticipate the unlikely and envision the impossible. Maybe we should call CIOs Chief Imagination Officers? Perhaps a Stephen King-like imagination.

Read more...

CyberSource to Take Over CardSystems

September 23rd, 2005

With the nation’s worst credit card security disaster on its resume and AmericanExpress and Visa cutting its contract, payment processor CardSystems has few long-term options.

In what might signal the closing chapter in the CardSystem credit-card security breach saga, CyberSource announced its intent to acquire all of CardSystem’s assets for an undisclosed amount.

Read more...

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Most Recent Comments

"Careless" Systems Integrators Now Directly Under PCI DSS

This exact issue has been bothering me for years, and I was JUST talking about it with someone only yesterday. This may well be my favorite article, mostly because I'm biased and have hated this particular problem forever. Read more...
Good article, but how does this have anything to do with the DSS? Read more...
Actually, the QIR program has a lot to do with the DSS (or PCI). Since merchants rely on their reseller or integrator to implement their PA-DSS validated application, these resellers and system integrators play a critical role in merchants achieving and maintaining PCI compliance. As far as I can tell, the QIR program is designed to help merchants stay compliant by making sure their payment applications are installed according to the PA-DSS Implementation Guide, for example ensuring default passwords are changed (and protected), that the data encryption keys are properly set and secured, that the merchant's data retention policy is set, that no sensitive cardholder data are stored, and often that a firewall is in place and properly configured. Read more...
Although this is a great move forward in pushing the issue of highly trained people, it is also a good marketing ploy for the council. It begs the question: How much do they stand to make? The problem for this is that for people (like myself) that are just starting out their own business venture, PCI has typically charged a premium for their training and certifications. This change will likely force those of us with less capital to spin into the abyss. I have more than 15 years in the security and compliance fields with heavy hitter certs like CISSP, CRISC, and Sec+. There should not be a guide but a free test or a pre-requisite of either the PCI cert OR other heavy hitter certs. I just don't want the good guys in small places to get flushed out. Read more...
The ETA recently launched the Certified Payment Professional program, which charges $425 for non-members to take the test, assuming they meet the 'experience' requirement, to PROVE they are a professional. And they'll have to take it every 3 years. Worthy program, but high cost. Plus, only a select few were allowed to be in the first class, and there are only 4 test windows per year currently. So being on the registry simply means, you were lucky enough to get picked, nothing to do with skill level. Read more...
@Cory: Thanks for your comment and question about the pricing of the QIR training. I raised that question in a conversation with Bob Russo last week, and I will address it in a follow-up column in a few days. While the pricing is not yet set, hopefully it will not be too great a burden for you or other integrators/resellers. We'll have to see, though. Read more...

Costco Self-Checkout Trial Setback After Store Losses

Not all self checkout works this way. One self checkout vendor is designed to work this way and it leaves a gaping security problem that can create this situation. There are 3 predominant providers of self checkout in the U.S. and this represents the lowest installed base provider of the 3 and their market share continues to shrink from reports I have seen. Read more...
Editor's Note; The vendor that Mark was referencing is IBM. His point is that other systems make it easier for any weight mismatches to require associate intervention--just like with alcohol or cigarettes or any other age-restricted item--rather than a more passive flag to the customer that the item was excluded. Read more...
Another angle on the challenges with self checkout which may come to the retail scene in the next year is the tap and go/NFC smart phones. Though these are all the rage in Japan, we have yet to adopt them in the U.S.. But that will change as the new phones emerge with the chips embedded this year. And the new demographic want to use this type of technology. A large retailer told us that NFC phone customers are getting their identities stolen, even though the self check-out requires proximity-- and they do not want to take responsibility for this occurrence in their stores, on their premises. So although they like the idea self check-out they are still experimenting with various approaches. Read more...
ed
For self checkout, item-level RFID or unique barcodes plus real-time tracking appears to be the missing component. Mail delivery companies use real-time tracking of mail with a barcode and assure delivery at a certain time. The public library embed books with RFID and track them through checkout. Retailers and SCO manufacturers are going to have to accept the fact they cannot rely on UPC and really need an item-level identifier that tract that specific product as a unique item from shelving to checkout. Read more...

Visa Yanks Global Payments' PCI Compliance. Catch-22 In Full Force

So PCI compliance can not guarantee that a provider will not be breached, but a breach is inherent evidence of non-compliance? Any comment from VISA as to whether they will continue to accept ROCs prepared by Trustwave? Seems like an inconsistent position. Read more...
Thu
Global Payments reported they were working toward being in compliance with PCI, despite already being on the list. In a backwards way, they admitted they were not previously in compliance. We can't really say that a breach is inherent in these type of situations without having a full investigation report. That's one reason why MasterCard is waiting to see what forensics finds before yanking them from their list. Read more...
In the past, Visa has stated, "No compromised entity to date has been found to be in compliance with PCI DSS at the time of the breach. In all cases, forensic investigations have concluded that compliance deficiencies have been a major contributor to the breach." This quote can be taken two ways. Either PCI is perfect and all-encompassing and compliance guarantees you won't be breached; or there are so many “gotchas” in PCI that no one can escape non-compliance. I personally believe that PCI is written in such a way — and interpretations among QSAs vary so much — as to make it impossible for anyone to be 100 percent compliant 100 percent of the time. Read more...
PCI, TSA, IRS - obviously none of these functions as intended or as promoted. I've said it before and I say it again, hackers are free of personnel, budget, expertise, infrastructure and time constrains. Nothing, NOTHING, is ever fully safe. Visa and its attorneys simply choose to hide behind the false sense of security of the PCI veil. Truth be known, Visa has probably been hacked. Anyone see the similarities between VISA and the wizard of OZ? Read more...
This begs the question, how does this decision by Visa affect Third Party Processors (TPA's)? Our TPA agreement has wording to the effect that we can only send CHD to PCI compliant processors and banks. Now that Visa has deemed GPS non-compliant, are we breaking our TPA agreement by allowing our customers to continue using GPS? Read more...

How About A Little Service Provider Responsibility Here, PCI-Wise?

I appreciate the one-sideness issue highlighted in this article. I also understand how card brands have a contractual link to merchants - but only rarely do with service providers. I'd find it virtually meaningless for the PCI requirement to mandate actions by the service provider, when they have no contracted responsibility to a commercial entity. That said, 12.8.4 places an obligation on the service provider to demonstrate compliance to their customer the merchant (or service provider, Acquirer etc). Is not the combination of these 2 requirements having the same outcome? Read more...
Lem
PCI is like banging your head on the wall. When you complete the SAQ, it feels good stopping. Read more...
Actually, service providers do have direct links to the card brands. For example, many have direct system connections/access points to the card networks. More importantly, all service providers validate their PCI compliance to the card brands. The brands (at least Visa and MasterCard) also post lists of compliant Level 1 Service Providers on their websites. My point was not so much about the card brands, though. I was observing that since PCI already has a number of requirements that only apply only to Service Providers and not to merchants, there is precedent for one more Service-provider-only requirement to cure the imbalance I noted. Read more...
Walt, I'd suggest that perhaps you have a limited concept of who would be considered a Service Provider under the guidelines that you've suggested. The fact is that most resellers/integrators do NOT have direct links to the card brands or the card networks. They may work with processors to board new merchants or provide support, but there is no contractual or legal obligation at all. Your comment that all service provides validate their PCI compliance is also way off base if you include resellers & integrators. The limited number of Level 1 Service Providers probably do validate their compliance, but the vast majority of resellers/integrators are not that big. Read more...

The Never-Ending Dance Of Contactless Security

ed
Contactless should require multi-factor authentication for financial transactions. However, multi-factor authentication will nullify the main benefit of contactless transactions which is speed. Is there really an improvement between a mag swipe and contactless tap if multi-factor authentication is required? Read more...
Contactless card transactions are verfied online, if there is fraud the bank with take the liablity. This does not happen with checks, bills. Oh and contactless is faster than any other form of payment and you do not have to check the takings at the end of the day: so faster service and a bit more secure. Read more...
MC
To contaftless. Not completly true that the bank will take the hit for a fraudulant contactless transaction. When paying at the fuel pump with contactless, you will have a defined pre-auth limit which is set by the issuer and obtain an online auth number. Even with the issuer providing real time auth, should the customer dispute the transaction, the liability and burden of proof still lies with the retailer in most circumstances. To the issuer they claim this is a "card not present" transaction if completed out of sight of the store attendant. Add that to the fact that that a gas station forecourt allows the hiding of the necessary fraudulant transaction supporting equipment inside a vehicle, it creates the anoynmous environment that fraudsters prefer to operate under. Read more...

The PayPal Problem: Will It Impact Retailers' PCI Scope?

For the foreseeable future, retailers are not going to be transacting exclusively against PayPal accounts. Therefore, with the assumption that the payments are stored, transmitted and processed through the same systems as "regular" CHD, there will be no change in scope. Merchants will have to protect the PayPal payment information with the same rigour as PANs/CV2s/tokens, but this isn't arduous because they are doing it right now. (Or should be.) Read more...
This is the problem with the notion of the high value token wording in September's guidelines. As you rightly point out an email address, mobile no. or even a name can be considered a high value token. Yet by their very nature these are all readily available in the public domain, so I find it hard for them to be considered as a high value token. Read more...
Will Visa be including in their V.me system the additional ability for online payers to source funds via a “debit” transaction from their banking account, rather than only by a credit card transaction as has been the case in the past because of the PIN requirement for such a “debit” transaction? After all, what’s the difference between a PIN, that Visa/MasterCard already hold, and a password required to access a secure online payments gateway? Read more...
The PayPal user information is much more "high value" because it can be used across merchants to initiate transactions. If I have it or gain access to it via a merchant compromise, there is nothing to stop me from using it at another merchant. A properly designed tokenization system should have rules that prohibit tokens obtained from one merchant to be used at another merchant and/or prohibit initiating transactions unless the PAN and authentication data has been previously received by that merchant. Read more...
A big difference with PINs(at least in the debit world) is that they should only be entered into an encrypting PIN Pad. The feeling goes that if I steal a card with a valid PIN I can go to an unattended device(ATM) and pull out money w/o having to present a legitimate card to a person. I suppose you could make the same case(which you did) regarding an online transaction w/ a password. Read more...
PayPal's plan of POS attack is to entice merchants with below-cost credit and debit card processing, which is an offer no retailer will refuse. The company will subsidize its losses from the card transactions with the very high-margin profits it enjoys when its users fund the sales amount from their bank accounts. On the other hand, whether the consumers will be won over is another question altogether. If it is to stand a chance, PayPal will need to make the checkout process as uneventful as possible. As it is, the customer is asked to enter his or her cell phone number, in addition to a PIN, before the transaction can be completed. That's unnecessary and excessive. Read more...

Tokens Are Not The Same As Encryption. Honest

I agree with all your points on how the technologies differ. The only possible disagreement I have is that you are very generous in giving PCI credit for distinguishing the differences between the two technologies and scope whereas I think they caused the confusion (or at least didn't help). Read more...
I tend to disagree that tokenisation and encryption are different - indeed, I see tokenisation as a form of bespoke encryption. Many of the arguments I hear about tokenisation being different from encryption leads to concerns about the security of encryption, or that encryption can be reversed. Although it is true that encryption can be reversed with the key, I strongly dispute the arguments about the security of encryption, and personally I put much more faith in an algorithm that has undergone many decades of community research, where the security (key) can be isolated in approved hardware, than in a bespoke solution I have no visibility or independent assurance of. Read more...
"High-value tokens are those that can be used to initiate a new card transaction." Personally, I didn't understand this part of the doc. Surely that's the point of a token, so I'm assuming they mean a token that can be used independently of a 'vault' type of service to initiate and complete a transaction. Otherwise, every token would be a High Value token. Services like Square's card case where a person's name can trigger a payment, or PayPal's where an email and password trigger a card payment. In these cases a name and email would be tokens and as they are initiating a card payment could be considered a High Value token. Read more...
I disagree with you on the point you made about there being no way from a PCI scoping perspective to compare tokenization guidance to encryption clarification. The parallel that I see is not between tokenization and encryption, but between the token and the encrypted data values themselves. Semantics? Maybe, but I believe there is a significant if not subtle difference between these two statements. Read more...
How can QSA be comfortable determining if something is out of scope, if he or she does not know how the system providing that benefit explicitly works in all conditions over its lifetime, especially if its distributed and may its functionality and risk profile may change over time and can be explicitly guaranteed? A QSA takes liability for such a de-scoping claim. Only proofs of security and evidence can stand behind that something seriously lacking in most of the debate. Read more...
Tokenization is a use case of data transformation, not a specific technology. Humans have been practicing tokenization using multiple methods for centuries and claiming that one method of data transformation is the "real" tokenization and not some other way doesn't make sense. Tokenization must be reversible. Read more...
Promises of incremental sales and the ability to target loyalty have been completely worn out by endless pitches of card services, hardware, software, etc etc etc... Another watershed way of getting mobile payments introduced is to shift merchant's payment modes from higher to lower cost products. I think ISIS has started down a path that completely misses that opportunity by partnering with incumbents who have zero interest in reducing merchant payment costs. Read more...

Want To Push Social Media? Have You Considered Using Your Stores?

What about if the retailer is in a shared space (e.g., a food court in a mall or college campus) where there may be limited space and possibly limited flexibility (e.g., power, comms, lease restrictions)? Or in airports, where I see more and more retailers. Would your recommendations hold for those locations, too? By coincidence, I was at a conference this week and sat next to the person charged with building brand awareness for a national food chain on college campuses -- and therefore with the student demographic -- nationwide. After reading your piece, I was wondering, would your recommendations would hold for them? As for airports, I could see one school of thought that says customers don't live there, so get them in and out. But I also could see where the particulars of this demographic could be sufficiently compelling to want to reach out. Read more...
I agree that there are even deeper levels of engagement that you absolutely could drive in the store (I love the idea of floating coupons by the way). I think what is most important is using the store to start a conversation that could be then continued online (rather than always trying to start a conversation online that culminates with a sale in the store). Read more...
I think the statement "Then there is the small fact that the retail operator doesn’t feed his family based upon how well his customers are engaged online" speaks loads. Read more...

Publix Buy-Online-Pick-Up-In-Store Trial Nixed: Grocery Shoppers Are Different

Your take on the customer's view is right, however I wonder whether supermarkets can go a _long_ way towards resolving it with easy, quick refunds? My partner unpacked our home-delivered fruit and veg box last week, and discovered bruised fruit. Took a picture, emailed the company, and within 10 minutes had a refund. Happy customer all round - the company cares, etc. This requires very careful thinking on the merchant's part about how to invest in this area of customer service. However, since it is equally easy for my partner's picture of bruised oranges to be uploaded to a social media site as it is to email the company, the downsides for NOT doing this are quite large. Read more...
What about the other non tangible benefits of shopping at the grocery store - it gets you out of the house and you get to interact with the staff. for many people this might be there only "human contact" in a day, or at least human contact that doesnt come with the stresses associated with family/work colleagues/customers. And of course, there is the primeval "hunting and gathering food" aspect. Read more...
ed
The last poster hit it head on - there is a primal "hunter" instinct of us humans preventing the buy groceries online model to take off. Food, clothing and shelter are the three things we humans go out and scavenge for and that is in our primal instinct. It appears the next logical step is to focus on items that do not interfere with our primal instincts such as prepackaged food or personal hygiene. Read more...

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