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WPA2 Broken Again And, This Time, No Patch

Written by Frank Hayes
July 21st, 2010
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Wireless security is broken—again. And this time, it’s WPA2, the WiFi security protocol that meets PCI-DSS requirements. Attendees at next week’s Black Hat and Defcon security conferences in Las Vegas will hear how it’s practical to break into a WPA2-encrypted network without brute-force encryption cracking. The only requirement: The attacker must be an authorized user of the network. According to the researchers from AirTight Networks who unearthed the problem, a malicious insider can simply send spoofed packets encrypted using the shared group key directly to other users on the WiFi network, tricking them into redirecting their data to the insider.

Unfortunately, that makes the “Hole196″ attack —named for the page where the vulnerability is specified in the IEEE 802.11 standard—difficult to detect and almost impossible to defend against. In fact, the researchers don’t have a fix for WPA2 —and they don’t believe there is one. The only defense may be to start layering other security measures, such as VPNs, under the WiFi protocol. That’s fine for laptops running WiFi. But it’s likely to be a challenge to implement on scanners, card readers and other wireless devices that retailers commonly use.


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Kill All The Passwords

This article does mention, but does not give enough attention to, the fact that the attacks discussed are only feasible when the encrypted password file can be copied and subjected to an offline attack. The trick is to have authentication performed on a separate, much more strongly secured host - such as an Active Directory Domain Controller, or a Kerberos server, or a NIS+ server, or even using something as banal as an LDAP-over-SSL authentication dialog. In these environments, the odds of the "password file" being stolen and subjected to an offline attack go to near zero, and only online attacks may be carried out by the attacker. With sensible exponential backoff between failed password attempts, lockout after a modest number of failed attempts on a single account, and pattern detection, that minimum 7 character password is quite secure enough. Passwords aren't dead yet for security purposes, and they will be with us for a very long while to come for practical purposes. The trick is to employ them correctly. Read more...
The possibilities you describe are years away from being implemented at best, so for the moment passwords are an ugly reality. Luckily, password managers can easily manage hundreds of passwords of any length. The only thing a user needs to remember is the master password. It seems like an easier task to educate users on how to use password managers rather than implement complex security technology on a global basis. Read more...